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Structure and function of the invasion apparatus of microsporidia
Dohnálek, Vít ; Doležal, Pavel (advisor) ; Vávra, Jiří (referee)
Microsporidia are obligate intracellular parasites that cause significant economic damage and can infect humans. They had evolved highly specialized invasion apparatus that is unique to them. During the invasion the sporoplasm is released from the spore wall and it is transferred to the host cytoplasm through the polar tube. Current research on the invasion apparatus has been focused mainly on the polar tube that is its most prominent structure. Polaroplast and posterior vacuole remain out of the main interest, although they are necessary for the activation and execution of the invasion. If the right combination of environmental factors occurs, the organization of the polaroplast begins to change, the posterior vacuole starts to swell and the polar tube is discharged. Sporoplasm is eventually pushed through the tube into the host cell by growing posterior vacuole. The mechanism has not been explained yet however plenty of theories are trying to explain the germination. This work summarizes current theories and knowledge of structure and function of particular parts of the invasion apparatus. Key words: Microsporidia, invasion, polar tube, intracellular parasitism, germination
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The invasion apparatus of protozoan parasites
Novotná, Veronika ; Petrů, Markéta (advisor) ; Štáfková, Jitka (referee)
Protozoa parasitism has evolved many times independently in the history of eukaryotes. Some organelles were reduced, and specific invasion apparatuses were developed by adapting to the host. These apparatuses help to penetrate host cells and escape the immune system. The thesis summarizes the findings of the invasion apparatus and invasion of four selected unicellular protozoan parasites of genus Plasmodium, Microsporidia, Ichthyobodo and Rozella. Each chapter includes general knowledge of the parasite, its structure and life cycle. Keywords: Apicomplexa, Plasmodium, Microsporidia, Ichthyobodo, Rozella, merozoite, glideosom, moving junction, polar tube, germination, cytostome, zoospore, germ tube;
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Nosema bombycis as a model organism for polar tube study.
Satrapová, Alexandra ; Petrů, Markéta (advisor) ; Trdá, Lucie (referee)
Microsporidia is a group of obligatory intracellular parasites with a unique invasion mechanism. One of the highly specialized invasion structures is the polar tube which is an example of a biological nanotube the study of which could bring usable knowledge in biotechnology. The thesis is a literary overeview which deals with the structure of microsporidian spores and presents N. bombycis as a suitable representative for the study of the infectious apparatus. In more detail, it summarizes the background to the structure of the polar tube and wall of N. bombycis spore.
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Structure and function of the invasion apparatus of microsporidia
Dohnálek, Vít ; Doležal, Pavel (advisor) ; Vávra, Jiří (referee)
Microsporidia are obligate intracellular parasites that cause significant economic damage and can infect humans. They had evolved highly specialized invasion apparatus that is unique to them. During the invasion the sporoplasm is released from the spore wall and it is transferred to the host cytoplasm through the polar tube. Current research on the invasion apparatus has been focused mainly on the polar tube that is its most prominent structure. Polaroplast and posterior vacuole remain out of the main interest, although they are necessary for the activation and execution of the invasion. If the right combination of environmental factors occurs, the organization of the polaroplast begins to change, the posterior vacuole starts to swell and the polar tube is discharged. Sporoplasm is eventually pushed through the tube into the host cell by growing posterior vacuole. The mechanism has not been explained yet however plenty of theories are trying to explain the germination. This work summarizes current theories and knowledge of structure and function of particular parts of the invasion apparatus. Key words: Microsporidia, invasion, polar tube, intracellular parasitism, germination
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